Course Details

Objective

By the end of the course, participants will be able to understand

• Understand the types of faults that occur in electrical power systems.
• Learn how to perform fault calculations for different fault types (symmetrical and asymmetrical faults).
• Gain knowledge on how fault calculations are used for protection system coordination and equipment rating.
• Develop the ability to calculate fault currents using different methods, including per-unit systems and impedance-based approaches.
• Understand the application of fault calculations for system analysis and protection settings.
• Learn how to use software tools for fault analysis and simulations.

Content

Day 1: Introduction to Faults in Power Systems

• Overview of fault types in power systems: short-circuits, ground faults, line-to-line faults, line-to-ground faults
• Importance of fault calculations for power system protection
• Fault current behavior in power systems
• The role of fault analysis in system stability, protection coordination, and equipment selection
• Basic terminology: fault impedance, fault current, fault duration, protection zones

Day 2: Fundamentals of Fault Calculation

• Introduction to per-unit systems for fault calculations
• Impedance-based fault calculation methods (single line-to-ground, line-to-line, and three-phase faults)
• Symmetrical and asymmetrical faults: analysis methods
• The concept of fault impedance and how it affects fault current calculations
• Types of fault currents: bolted fault vs. impedance fault
• Fault current calculations for radial and meshed systems

Day 3: Performing Fault Calculations

• Step-by-step procedures for calculating fault currents in various fault scenarios
• Calculation of fault currents for three-phase, single-line-to-ground, and line-to-line faults
• Using the impedance matrix for fault analysis in multi-bus systems
• Methods for determining fault current using software tools (e.g., ETAP, DIgSILENT)
• Practical examples and exercises of fault calculations for different power system configurations

Day 4: Fault Calculations for Protection Coordination

• Understanding fault calculations in the context of protection system coordination
• Setting protective relays based on fault calculation results
• Coordinating protection devices to clear faults efficiently and minimize system disruption
• Evaluating fault data for proper sizing of circuit breakers, fuses, and protection relays
• Importance of fault calculations in relay setting calculations: inverse-time and definite-time overcurrent relays
• Application of fault analysis in protective device testing and settings validation

Day 5: Advanced Fault Calculation Techniques and Case Studies

• Fault calculations for more complex systems: interconnected grids, transformers, generators, and motors
• Analyzing fault conditions during system disturbances (transient vs. steady-state conditions)
• Impact of fault calculations on power system stability and transient behavior
• Use of fault calculations for evaluating system resilience and protection reliability

NOTE:

Pre-& Post Tests will be conducted.

Case Studies, Group Exercises, Group Discussions, Last Day reviews, and assessments will be carried out.

Methodology

A highly interactive combination of lectures and discussion sessions will be managed to maximize the amount and quality of information and knowledge transfer. The sessions will start by raising the most relevant questions and motivating everybody to find the right answers. You will also be encouraged to raise your own questions and to share in the development of the right answers using your own analysis and experiences.  Tests of multiple-choice type will be made available on daily basis to examine the effectiveness of delivering the course.

Very useful Course Materials will be given.

• 30% Lectures
• 30% Workshops and work presentation
• 20% Group Work& Practical Exercises
• 20% Videos& General Discussions